Louis Althusser

Louis Althusser is a french philosopher who developed Marxist theories. He discusses ideology in his work, looking at the way in which people lose their individuality and become subjects based on ideological views. This means that ideologies are circulated by agencies (the media) and help to construct peoples' identities. But because this is so subtle and covert, members of society do not realise this is happening. Althusser believes we are controlled by the ruling classes. Their ideas of what's right or wrong, what we should do and what we should not. inevitably brainwashing us until we believe that these ideologies are the way of life. This helps explain why there are pre-defined ideas about gender, class, ethnicity and sexuality. Ideological agencies are believed to be several establishments in society that reinforce stereotypes and discrimination. These include religion, education, the family, the mass media and popular culture. Althusser goes on to say about how ideology interpolates us or hails us as subjects. and that we are no longer individuals but subjects that are categorised. And that we begin to join groups to be with others who live by certain sets of rules. For example students live by a certain set of rules which are not necessarily correct but students act and behave in the way you believe is required.